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Ashford International Law crest Ashford International Law PC German-American Estate and Tax Law Firm

Cross-Border Advice for Americans with Ties to Germany

Washington DC · Los Angeles · Munich

Germany-USA: Law, Tax, Finance

A law firm for German-American estate planning, tax-optimized asset structuring and estate administration.

Licensed to practice law in Germany and in the United States (California, Virginia, Maryland, Washington DC, federal tax practice)

The Jefferson Memorial in Washington DC framed by cherry blossoms
Washington DC
A street lined with tall palm trees in Los Angeles
Los Angeles
A tower of the Frauenkirche and a spire of the New Town Hall in Munich
Munich

Licensed to practice law in both Germany and the United States

Most cross-border matters stall in the gap between two advisors who each are licensed only in their own country.
We are fully qualified and licensed on both sides, and prepare all documents, including tax returns, in-house.

The Jefferson Memorial in Washington, framed by cherry blossoms

In the United States

California  ·  Virginia  ·  Maryland  ·  Washington DC  ·  Federal Tax Practice

  • Wills, revocable living trusts and powers of attorney
  • Gift and estate tax planning involving foreign assets or foreign persons
  • Irrevocable trusts and family wealth structures
  • Probate, trust administration and fiduciary work
  • Federal returns and IRS representation, as an IRS-registered tax preparer
Marienplatz in Munich at sunrise

In Germany

National Bar Admission

  • Inheritance and gift tax returns, tax treaty analysis
  • Taxation of US trust distributions, US investment income and US retirement income
  • Estate settlements, including interests in family businesses
  • Grundbuch, Erbschein and German real estate
  • Wills, asset structuring, intra-family gifts

Offices both in Germany and in the United States

Request an Initial Consultation →
Farragut Square, near the firm's Washington, DC office

Washington DC

1717 K St NW, Ste 900
Washington, DC 20006

+1 (202) 790-2500

Palm trees in Los Angeles

Los Angeles

1901 Avenue of the Stars, 2nd Floor
Los Angeles, California 90067

+1 (310) 966-0961

The town hall on Marienplatz in Munich

Munich

Maximilianstraße 13
80539 Munich, Germany

+49 89 203006104

Email: info@ashfordinternationallaw.com

Start here

Please choose the profile that matches your situation

Every profile below opens a page that lists what matters for that reader.

The baroque basilica interior at Kloster Ettal

A relative died in Germany

Complete estate settlements: probate, inheritance tax return, liquidation of assets: real estate, investments, business entities, art collections. Tax compliance in the United States.

Where to begin →
A traditional painted Bavarian building, Hotel Post, with flower boxes and bicycles out front, under a dramatic sunset sky

My family has assets in Germany

Real estate, bank accounts, investments and business interests in Germany: structuring, taxation, management, estate planning, transfer and liquidation.

Where to begin →
A retired couple in a golf buggy on a sunlit course

My adult child lives in Germany

Structuring transfers to adult children, taxation of gifts and inheritances, taxation of trust distributions in Germany.

Where to begin →
A large American family house with a lawn and blossom

I am expecting an inheritance from the United States

Estate settlements, transfer certificates, all types of US tax returns, German inheritance returns. Lifetime planning and structuring.

Where to begin →
Share prices moving over a view of city towers

I live in Germany and have assets in the US

Taxation of US investment income in Germany, restructuring, management, transfer and sale. Fiduciary services.

Where to begin →
The market square in the old town of Konstanz

I plan to move to Germany

The ten-year rule of the tax treaty, pre-immigration planning, asset restructuring, new estate plan.

Where to begin →
A group of friends raising and clinking large beer steins at an outdoor German beer garden

A trust beneficiary lives in Germany

The taxation of US trust distributions in Germany, restructuring, management, termination.

Where to begin →
A Form 1040 tax return with a calculator and pen

Reporting and tax compliance

FBAR, Form 8938, Anlage KAP, and all other tax disclosure forms in both countries.

Where to begin →
Cochem on the Moselle, with its castle above the vineyards

Retiring in Germany with US accounts

The taxation of IRA, Roth IRA, 401(k) and Social Security distributions in Germany.

Where to begin →
Four advisors studying documents together at an office table

I advise a client with German exposure

For CPAs, enrolled agents, financial advisors and attorneys who deal with a German element in a file.

14 topics for you →
A family with a young son, a mother holding a small poodle, and a father, surrounded by moving boxes in a bright apartment

I am an American living in Germany

Your 401(k), your IRA, your brokerage account and your American will from the perspective of German law.

11 topics for you →
A lawyer in an office examining documents at a desk

I am a trustee or an executor

A trust with a beneficiary in Germany, or an estate holding German bank accounts, real estate, business interests, precious metals or art collections.

8 topics for you →
The law firm

A German-American Law Firm

Caroline Esche Ashford, PhD, JD

The firm is led by attorney Caroline Esche Ashford, PhD, JD. She is one of the very few fully trained and dual-qualified German-American attorneys in the United States. A JD graduate of Columbia University Law School, she has seventeen years of experience advising German-American families and businesses on cross-border taxation, estate planning, and administration of estates and trusts. As an IRS-registered tax preparer she prepares all types of US tax returns, prepares German gift and inheritance tax returns, and advises on German income tax matters. Early in her career she was a member of the defense team that represented the Federal Republic of Germany in litigation under the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act. She advises in German, English and French.

Ashford International Law PC was founded in 2015. Every lawyer in the firm holds a German law degree, and the firm is licensed to practice law in Germany, California, Virginia, Maryland and Washington DC, with a federal tax practice. Where a matter also involves the law of a country in which the firm’s attorneys are not admitted, such as France, Switzerland, Italy or the United Kingdom, the firm works with a trusted network of local attorneys, tax advisers and notaries.

The Law Firm and Team
Books written by the law firm

Three works written in the firm’s own practice, out of the matters it handles.

The American's Guide to Germany: Wealth, Taxes and Estate Planning, book cover
Ashford International Law PC  ·  English

The American’s Guide to Germany: Wealth, Taxes and Estate Planning

Caroline Esche Ashford, PhD, JD, Attorney-at-Law, Rechtsanwältin

For Americans with assets, heirs or a home in Germany: what each country taxes, in what order, and what the two conventions take back. Written for the reader who has to make the decision, not for the specialist who already knows the vocabulary.

German inheritance and gift tax, with the figures
The ten-year rule, and what it does not reach
401(k), IRA and Social Security under German law
German property, the Grundbuch and the Erbschein
Wills and powers of attorney that work in both countries
Reporting: FBAR, Form 8938 and Anlage KAP
$300 Order this book Ships within four weeks. Orders are taken on internationalestatelaw.com.

Also written by the law firm

Das amerikanische Vermögen, Band I: Die Grundlagen, book cover Das amerikanische Vermögen, Band II: Unternehmerfamilien und Großinvestoren, book cover
Ashford International Law PC  ·  Deutsch
Das amerikanische Vermögen
Rechtsanwältin Dr. Caroline Esche Ashford, JD, Attorney-at-Law

Für Deutsche in den USA sowie für deutsche Unternehmerfamilien und Großinvestoren. Zwei Bände.

Band I  $150 Order
Band II  $200 Order
The Advisor's Guide to Cross-Border Matters, five-volume set
Ashford International Law PC  ·  For advisors
The Advisor’s Guide to Cross-Border Matters
Caroline Esche Ashford, PhD, JD, Attorney-at-Law, Rechtsanwältin

The reference work for CPAs, enrolled agents, attorneys and fiduciaries who meet a foreign element in a file and need the authorities set out. Five volumes, sold as a set.

Five volumes  $750 Order the set
Free guides

Five guides to read before the first meeting

Each walks through one decision from start to finish, with the questions to ask and the documents to gather. Free against an email address.

The Ten-Year Rule for Americans Moving to Germany

18 pages. Updated in September 2026.

Get the guide

IRA and 401(k) Distributions to a Beneficiary in Germany, for Advisors

15 pages. Updated in September 2026.

Get the guide

The Taxation of American Retirement Distributions in Germany

15 pages. Updated in September 2026.

Get the guide

How Germany Taxes an Inheritance from the United States, for Advisors

16 pages. Updated in September 2026.

Get the guide

Inheriting from the United States While Living in Germany

16 pages. Updated in September 2026.

Get the guide
The library

Read and prepare before you decide

All 24 articles →
Sanssouci in Potsdam
Inheritance and estate tax  ·  September 2026

The ten-year rule of Article 4(3), and the estates it never reaches

The rule is narrower than it looks, and the exceptions decide most files.

Read the article →
The Hofgarten arcades in Munich on a summer day
Income tax  ·  September 2026

The exit tax of section 877A when a covered expatriate moves to Germany

Four scenarios, two with a worked example, for the person who renounces before or after the move.

Read the article →
The old town of Münster
Trusts  ·  September 2026

Revocable living trusts, read under German law

Who German law treats as the owner, and why the trust does not protect a German-resident heir.

Read the article →
The archive

All insights

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Articles, guides and standing explainers, filtered by who you are, by the area of law and by the jurisdiction the question sits in.

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Results per page:
Topics A to Z

One vocabulary, German and English, interfiled

People search in whichever language the term reached them in. Every entry links straight to the writing that uses it, and the twenty that carry the most weight have a page of their own.

Zehnjahresregel Erbschein QDOT Pflichtteil FIRPTA
Webinars and seminars

The next seven sessions

All webinars and events →

Held in English or in German, open to clients and advisors, and recorded, so a missed session can still be watched afterwards.

Dresden on the Elbe
31 October 2026
10:00 am ET

Tax and Wealth Planning when Moving to Germany

Investments, retirement accounts and real estate; expatriation and the exit tax. A free talk at the German International School of Washington, Potomac, Maryland.

The Capitol in Washington
6 November 2026
12:00 pm ET / 6:00 pm CET

Das erste US-Steuerjahr

Steuererklärungen in zwei Ländern, Vermeidung der Doppelbesteuerung.

The Jefferson Memorial in Washington
13 November 2026
12:00 pm ET / 6:00 pm CET

Living in Germany, Inheriting in the United States

What Germany taxes on an American estate, and what the convention gives back.

The Frankfurt skyline
27 November 2026
12:00 pm ET / 6:00 pm CET

US-Wertpapiere aus Deutschland

Quellensteuer, DBA und der Erbfall.

The old town of Münster
4 December 2026
12:00 pm ET / 6:00 pm CET

After the Death: Administering a US Estate with German Heirs

The transfer certificate, the German heirs and the order the two sides have to run in.

A palm avenue in Los Angeles
11 December 2026
12:00 pm ET / 6:00 pm CET

US-Immobilien aus Deutschland

Erwerb, Vermietung, Verkauf, Erbfall.

Heidelberg
8 January 2027
12:00 pm ET / 6:00 pm CET

Your Own Estate Plan as an American Living in Germany

The will, the powers of attorney and the trust that German law will not read as you expect.

Fourteen more sessions run to May 2027

The full calendar, in both languages, with the recordings of past sessions.

See all webinars and events
The newsletter

Notify me about new content

A short note when a rule moves, a guide is revised or a new standing explainer goes up. No more than monthly, and no sales.

Initial consultation

Book an Initial Consultation Package

A thirty minute conversation yields partial information, and advice given on partial information is not advice this firm is willing to give. The initial consultation is therefore a package: the documents are read before the meeting, the questionnaire is completed where the matter is an estate planning matter, the hour itself is spent on analysis rather than on gathering facts, and the analysis is confirmed in writing afterwards. About three hours of the firm’s time go into it.

Before the meeting

  1. A secure client portal is set up for you.
  2. You upload copies of the relevant documents.
  3. In estate planning matters you receive an estate planning questionnaire, so that the advice rests on a complete set of facts.
  4. Your documents are reviewed before the appointment.

During the hour

  • Your situation is analysed.
  • Your options are identified.
  • A course of action is recommended.
  • Your questions are answered.

After the meeting

  1. You receive a detailed written summary of the analysis, your options and the recommendations.
  2. Follow-up questions are answered without limit for two days after the appointment.

Afterwards you and the firm each decide whether to enter into an attorney-client relationship.

Farragut Square, near the firm's Washington, DC office

Fees, scheduling and what to prepare

Full details, including the fee for each type of matter, are set out on the Initial Consultation Package page, together with how to prepare and what to expect.

Book an Initial Consultation Package or call +1 (202) 790-2500